The United States has warned that it may impose sanctions on Algeria following the country’s confirmed purchase of advanced Russian-made Su-57 fighter jets. The warning has drawn attention to Algeria’s military strength and its long-standing defense relationship with Russia at a time of heightened global geopolitical tensions.
Algeria is considered one of Africa’s most powerful military forces and is among the continent’s largest defense spenders. The decision to acquire the Su-57 has placed the country under increased scrutiny from Washington, which has repeatedly warned against major arms deals involving Russia.
The situation highlights growing pressure on African nations as they balance national security needs with relationships involving competing global powers.
US Warns of Possible Sanctions Under CAATSA Law
The United States has formally expressed concern over reports that Algeria is acquiring new military equipment from Russia. The warning was raised during a US Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing, where defense relationships involving Russia were discussed.
Robert Palladino, head of the US State Department’s Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs, said Washington was troubled by Algeria’s reported purchase of Russian fighter jets. He stated that while the United States continues to work with Algeria on areas of shared interest, it has serious differences on several issues, including this arms deal.
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US officials indicated that the purchase could trigger sanctions under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act, known as CAATSA. The law was introduced to discourage major defense purchases from Russia and to limit Moscow’s influence in global arms markets.
Under CAATSA, countries involved in significant military transactions with Russia may face penalties. These can include restrictions related to financial systems and defense cooperation.
Palladino said Washington is using existing diplomatic tools to protect its interests and to prevent actions it considers unacceptable. While no sanctions have been announced, the deal is being closely monitored.
Algeria Confirms Su-57 Purchase and Delivery Timeline
Algeria confirmed in 2025 that it had agreed to purchase the Sukhoi Su-57E, a fifth-generation stealth fighter jet developed by Russia. The deal was officially confirmed in February 2025, making them the first foreign customer for the aircraft.
The Su-57 is intended to replace ageing aircraft in Algeria’s air force and represents a major upgrade in combat capability. Reports indicate that the fighter jets are scheduled for delivery by the end of this year.
Algerian pilots are already undergoing training in Russia in preparation for operating the aircraft. According to internal documents from Rostec, Russia’s state-owned defense conglomerate, each jet will be equipped with the L-265VE “Khibiny-U” electronic warfare system.
Additional onboard systems have also been ordered from Concern Radio-Electronic Technologies to support command and control functions.
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Media reports cited by Business Insider Africa further state that Algeria has ordered 14 Russian Su-34 fighter-bombers, highlighting the scale of its air force modernization.
Regional Security Drivers and Long-Standing Defense Ties
Algeria has increased defense spending in recent years due to growing security concerns across the Sahel region, ongoing instability in Libya, and wider Mediterranean tensions.
The country also seeks to strengthen its regional influence, particularly amid perceptions of shifting international alliances in North Africa and a growing US tilt toward Morocco.
Algeria operates one of Africa’s most advanced air forces. Its fleet includes Su-30MKA multirole fighters, MiG-29 aircraft, and advanced Russian-made air defense systems such as the S-300.
Russia has maintained close military ties with Algeria for decades, supplying key equipment to its air force, navy, and ground forces. The Su-57 deal reflects the continuation of this long-standing relationship.
At the same time, Algeria maintains security cooperation with the United States on counterterrorism and regional stability, while continuing to resist pressure to reduce its defense ties with Moscow.